In the rapidly growing field of molecular medicine and tissue regeneration the Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues is one of the leading research units of the University of Zagreb School of Medicine. In collaboration with the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been characterized in laboratory and in preclinical trials, and recently several patients with congenital non-union of the tibia were successfully treated with osteogenic protein-1 (BMP 7) at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery. In addition, BMPs and newly discovered cartilage-derived morphogenetic proteins (CDMPs) have been tested for regeneration of articular cartilage chondral defects in large experimental animals, while recent research on BMP-7 has opened a promising avenue for its potential use for kidney regeneration in human medicine.